Political science

Question

What is marxism

ExpertGeni · Answer

Marxism is a political and economic philosophy developed by Karl Marx in the 19th century. It is based on the idea that society is divided into classes and that the struggle between classes is the driving force of the story. According to Marxism, capitalist society is characterized by class struggle between the capitalist class, which owns the means of production, and the working class, which produces goods and services.
Marx argues that the capitalist class exploits the working class by paying them wages below the value of the goods and services they produce and by using the surplus value generated by the workers to accumulate capital. I believed. He argued that this exploitation would eventually lead to a revolution in which the working class overthrew the capitalist class and established a socialist society. (Marx, K. (1867) Capital, Volume 1, Penguin Classics)
In a socialist society, the means of production are owned collectively rather than by a small group of capitalists. This will eliminate working-class exploitation and lead to a more equitable distribution of wealth and power. According to Marx, socialism would also pave the way for a future communist society, where class distinctions would be abolished and people would work according to their ability and receive according to their needs (Marx, K. and Engels). , F. (1848) The Communist Manifesto, Penguin Classics)
Despite its criticisms, Marxism remains an influential ideology and has been used to explain and criticize the economic and political systems of many countries. (Giddens, A. (1971) Capitalism and Modern Social Theory, Cambridge University Press) Marxism has been introduced in many countries throughout history, but none has been entirely successful in achieving a classless society. Many countries that have tried to implement it have ended up in authoritarian regimes. (Hobsbawm, E. (1994) Age of Limits:Short 20th Century, 1914-1991 (vintage)
In summary, Marxism is a political and economic philosophy that emphasizes the class struggle between capitalists and workers and argues that this struggle leads to socialist revolution. Although many of its predictions and prescriptions have not been realized and its implementation has often had negative consequences, it is an important and influential ideology for understanding the dynamics of power and inequality in capitalist societies. and continues to be (Harman, C. (2009) Crisis of Capitalism, Socialist Workers)

NiceAnswer · Answer

Marxism is a social, political, and economic philosophy named after Karl Marx, which focuses on the struggle between capitalists and the working class. Marxism posits that history is driven by class struggle and that capitalism, the current economic system, will ultimately be replaced by socialism, a system in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the workers.the file you attached cannot be downloaded

Krizelle008 · Answer

Marxism is a left-leaning to far-left technique of socioeconomic analysis that employs a dialectical viewpoint to comprehend social transformation and a materialist interpretation of historical development to understand class relations and social conflict. It has its roots in the writings of German intellectuals Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels from the 19th century. There is no single, unifying Marxist theory because it has evolved over time into several branches and schools of thought. The many Marxian notions have been absorbed and adapted into a vast variety of social theories, leading to radically disparate conclusions. This is in addition to the schools of thought that highlight or modify aspects of classical Marxism. Along with Marx's critique of political economy, the distinguishing features of Marxism have frequently been referred to as dialectical materialism and historical materialism, even though these names were developed after Marx's passing and some self-described Marxists have contested their beliefs.Marxism has significantly influenced a wide range of academic disciplines, including anthropology, archaeology, art theory, criminology, cultural studies, economics, education,[8] ethics, film theory, geography,[9] historiography, literary criticism, media studies, philosophy, political science, political economy, psychology, science studies, sociology, urban planning, and theatre.OverviewMarxism examines the material circumstances and economic activity necessary to satisfy people's material wants in order to explain social occurrences inside any given society. It is presupposed that all other social phenomena, such as more extensive social ties, political institutions, legal systems, cultural systems, aesthetics, and ideologies, are influenced by the method of economic organization, or mode of production. These social structures serve as the foundation and superstructure for the economic system. Existing systems of organizing production become outmoded as forces of production (i.e., technology) advance and obstruct further development. Karl Marx said: The material productive forces of society "at a certain stage of development, come into conflict with the existing relations of production or&mdash;this merely expresses the same thing in legal terms&mdash;with the property relations within which they have operated hitherto. From forms of development of the productive forces these relations turn into their fetters. Then begins an era of social revolution."These inefficiencies appear in society as social contradictions, which are then resolved at the level of class conflict. This conflict manifests in the capitalist mode of production between the great majority of people who produce products and services and the minority (the bourgeoisie) who own the means of production (the proletariat). Marxists would draw the conclusion that capitalism exploits and oppresses the proletariat and will thus inevitably result in a proletarian revolution from the speculative premise that social change results from the conflict between opposing classes within society. In a socialist society, cooperative ownership would take the role of private property as the means of production.A socialist economy would base production on meeting human needs, or "production for use," rather than on the generation of private profits. The capitalist mode of appropriation, according to Friedrich Engels, "is replaced by the mode of appropriation of the products that is based upon the nature of the modern means of production; on the one hand, direct social appropriation, as means to the maintenance and extension of production&mdash;on the other hand, direct individual appropriation, as means of subsistence and of enjoyment."Marxian economics and its proponents see capitalism as economically unsustainable and unable to raise the standard of living for the general populace since it must reduce employee pay and social benefits in order to make up for the declining rate of profit while pursuing military aggression. Through a workers' revolution, the socialist mode of production would replace capitalism as the dominant form of production for humanity. Marxian crisis theory claims that socialism is an economic necessity rather than an inevitable outcome.

Lelish · Answer

Marxism is a social, political, and economic theory originated by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the mid-19th century. It is based on the idea that history is the story of class struggle and that capitalism, as a system of economic production, is inherently exploitative of the working class. According to Marxism, the capitalist mode of production, in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit, creates internal contradictions that will ultimately lead to its own destruction and replacement by a socialist or communist society.
Marxism posits that the key driver of historical change is the struggle between different classes, with the working class (proletariat) being the most important revolutionary class. In capitalist society, the working class is exploited by the owners of the means of production (the bourgeoisie) who take the surplus value created by the workers and use it to accumulate more wealth and power. According to Marxism, this exploitation creates a fundamental conflict between the working class and the capitalist class, which will ultimately lead to a revolutionary overthrow of the capitalist system.
Marxism also has an understanding of the state, that it is a tool of the ruling class, which should be abolished in a socialist or communist society. They argue that the state is used to maintain the existing power structure and to suppress the working class. In a socialist or communist society, the state would wither away, and the means of production would be collectively owned and controlled by the working class.Additionally, Marxism emphasizes the importance of economic determinism, the belief that the economic structure of society ultimately determines all other aspects of social life, including politics and culture. This means that in order to bring about a socialist or communist society, it is necessary to first change the economic structure of society by overthrowing capitalism.
Furthermore, Marxism critiques the idea of individualism, which is central to capitalist ideology, and instead advocates for collective ownership and control of the means of production as well as collective decision-making in a socialist or communist society. This is meant to eliminate the exploitation and oppression of the working class and to create a more equal and fair society.
It is important to note that Marxism has been interpreted and applied in different ways throughout history, and has been the basis for a number of different political ideologies, including socialism and communism. It has also been the inspiration for many political movements and revolutions around the world.
In conclusion Marxism is an idea that is based on an understanding of history as the story of class struggle, the belief that capitalism is inherently exploitative and that it ultimately leads to a socialist or communist society where the state would wither away, and the means of production would be collectively owned and controlled by the working class. It also critiques the idea of individualism and advocates for collective ownership, control and decision-making in a socialist or communist society. It has been interpreted and applied in different ways throughout history and has been the basis for many political ideologies and movements around the world.

gharaibeh86 · Answer

Marxism is a political and economic philosophy that has been influential in various fields such as economics, sociology, history, and political theory. It was developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the mid-19th century and is based on the idea that society is divided into classes, with the ruling class (the bourgeoisie) owning the means of production and the working class (the proletariat) being exploited for their labor. According to Marxism, the struggle between these two classes is the driving force of history and will ultimately lead to the overthrow of capitalism and the establishment of a socialist or communist society.
One of the key concepts in Marxism is the theory of historical materialism, which posits that the history of human societies is the history of class struggle, and that the mode of production (the way in which goods are produced and distributed) is the determining factor in the development of human society. Marx and Engels argued that capitalist societies are divided into two main classes: the bourgeoisie, who own the means of production, and the proletariat, who sell their labor power to the bourgeoisie in exchange for wages.
Marx believed that the exploitation of the working class by the ruling class would lead to increasing levels of class consciousness among the proletariat, and that this class consciousness would ultimately lead to a revolutionary overthrow of the capitalist system. He argued that this revolution would bring about a socialist society in which the means of production would be owned and controlled by the community as a whole, and that this would lead to the elimination of the exploitation of the working class. Ultimately, according to Marx, the ultimate goal of socialism is communism, a classless society in which the state would wither away.
Marxism has been influential in various fields such as economics, sociology, history, and political theory. It has been used to analyze and critique capitalist societies, and has also been used to justify and support socialist and communist revolutions around the world. However, it should be noted that the term "Marxism" is also used to refer to a wide range of ideas and theories that have developed from the works of Karl Marx, and that there is ongoing debate among scholars and practitioners about the nature and interpretation of his ideas. Additionally, the implementation of socialism and communism in countries like Soviet Union, China, and Cuba has been criticized for the lack of personal freedoms, political repression, and economic failures.

KevinJohnson · Answer

lilgeegro0250 · Answer

Marxism is a political and monetary principle that was once developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the nineteenth century. The concept is based totally on the notion that the capitalist system, in which non-public persons very own the ability to produce, is inherently exploitative and leads to the oppression of the working class.
According to Marxism, the records of human society are a record of classification struggle, in which the ruling class, or bourgeoisie, exploits the working class, or proletariat, for their very own gain. Marx believed that this exploitation would sooner or later lead to a revolution in which the working classification would overthrow the ruling category and set up a socialist gadget in which the capability of manufacturing would be owned at the same time through the workers.
One of the key standards in Marxism is the thinking of surplus value, which refers to the fee that is created by way of the employee but is appropriated through the capitalist. Marx believed that the capitalist device was once based totally on the exploitation of the worker, who used to be paid solely a fraction of the fee that they created. This surplus fee was once then used by the capitalist to accumulate wealth and amplify their personal power.
Another essential idea in Marxism is the thought of historic materialism, which argues that the fabric stipulations of society, such as the capacity of manufacturing and the relationship between exceptional classes, decide the social, political, and cultural structures of society. This ability that the financial base of society, instead of thoughts or culture, is the using pressure at the back of the historic change.
Marxism additionally emphasizes the significance of the collective motion of the working class. Marx believed that the working category had the plausible to alternate society via their collective motion and organization. He argued that people ought to unite and shape a political birthday celebration to combat their rights and overthrow the ruling class.
Marxism has had an enormous influence on the world, specifically on the labor movement and the improvement of socialist and communist political systems. Many countries, such as the Soviet Union, China, and Cuba, have applied insurance policies and structures primarily based on Marxist principles.
However, Marxism has additionally been criticized for its oversimplification of the complicated social and financial structures of capitalist societies and its trust in the inevitability of revolution. Additionally, the failure of many socialist and communist structures in the twentieth century has been known to query the practicality of Marxist theory.
In conclusion, Marxism is a political and financial concept developed by way of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the nineteenth century. It focuses on the exploitation of the working category by means of the ruling type and argues that the capitalist gadget is inherently oppressive. The idea emphasizes the significance of the collective motion of the working type and the significance of the monetary base of a society in identifying historic change. Marxism has had a sizable impact on the world, however, additionally faces criticism for its oversimplification of society and its faith in the inevitability of revolution. I used various sources such as books written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels; and online resources such as the Communist Manifesto, Das Kapital, and other works by Marx.

filipp · Answer

Marxism is a political and economic philosophy named after Karl Marx, who, along with Friedrich Engels, developed it during the mid-19th century. Marxism is based on the idea that society is divided into classes, with the ruling class, or bourgeoisie, owning the means of production and the working class, or proletariat, selling their labor to survive. Marxists believe that economic and social conditions, and especially the class relations that derive from them, affect every aspect of an individual's life and will ultimately lead to the dictatorship of the proletariat.
According to Marx, capitalism is inherently exploitative, as the ruling class extracts surplus value from the labor of the working class. This exploitation leads to increasing inequality, as the ruling class accumulates wealth and power at the expense of the working class. Marx believed that this exploitation would ultimately lead to a revolution, in which the working class would overthrow the ruling class and establish a socialist society.
In a socialist society, the means of production would be owned and controlled collectively, rather than by a small group of capitalists. This would allow for the fair distribution of wealth and resources, and would eliminate the exploitation that is inherent in capitalism. Socialism would also lead to the abolition of private property and the end of the class system, creating a society in which everyone would have equal access to the means of production.
Marx believed that socialism would be the first step towards a classless society, which he called communism. In a communist society, there would be no need for a state, as there would be no class distinctions and therefore no need to maintain social order. Instead, society would be organized on the principle of "from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs."
While Marxism has been influential in the development of socialist and communist movements, it has also been criticized for its lack of attention to individual rights and freedoms, and for its emphasis on class struggle. However, despite its criticisms, Marxism remains an important and influential philosophy, and continues to be studied and debated by scholars and activists around the world.
Marxism, as a philosophy and political theory, has been applied in many different ways throughout history. It has been used to analyze the struggles of workers, to critique imperialism and colonialism, and to understand the role of the state in maintaining social order. In the 20th century, Marxism was the driving force behind several communist revolutions, including the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Chinese Revolution of 1949. In recent years, Marxism has been used to analyze the effects of globalization and the rise of neoliberalism.
In conclusion, Marxism is a political and economic philosophy developed by Karl Marx, that focuses on the struggle between capitalists and the working class. It argues that capitalism is inherently exploitative, and that socialism, in which the means of production are owned and controlled collectively, is necessary for true equality to be achieved. Marxism is an important and influential philosophy, and continues to be studied and debated by scholars and activists around the world.

Tony.K.N · Answer

Marxism is a political and economic philosophy named after Karl Marx, which focuses on the struggle between capitalists and the working class. According to Marx, history is a series of class struggles, with the ruling class (the capitalists, or bourgeoisie) exploiting the working class (the proletariat) for their labor. Marx believed that this exploitation would ultimately lead to a revolution, in which the working class would overthrow the capitalist system and establish a socialist society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the community as a whole.
Marx's ideas have had a profound impact on political thought and have been used to justify various revolutionary movements throughout history. Marxism is often associated with communism, as many communist regimes have been influenced by Marx's ideas. However, it should be noted that Marxism is a broad tradition with many different interpretations and variations, and not all socialists or communists are necessarily Marxists.
Additionally, Marxism also critiques the capitalist system not just on economic but also social and cultural grounds. The capitalist system, according to Marxism, is responsible for creating alienation, where people are separated from their true selves and the products of their labor. It also creates a false consciousness, where people do not understand their true interests and instead accept the dominant ideology.
In short, Marxism is a political and economic philosophy that analyses the historical development of capitalist societies, the exploitation of the working class and the struggle for revolution to establish a socialist society. It also critiques the societal, cultural and psychological effects of capitalism on individuals.

Mr.Tee · Answer

I know a lot about this. Hope this helps!

IgnacioPB · Answer

Marxism is a social, political, and economic philosophy named after Karl Marx, which focuses on the struggle between capitalists and the working class. It examines how capitalist societies progress and how class relations and conflicts change. Marxism argues that capitalism is a system of exploitation and that the working class can overthrow the capitalist system and establish a socialist society in which the means of production are owned collectively. The ultimate goal of Marxism is the establishment of a classless, communist society.
Marxism is a comprehensive ideology that includes ideas about history, economics, politics, and social change. It is based on the idea that history is driven by a class struggle between those who own the means of production (such as factories and land) and those who sell their labor to survive. According to Marxism, capitalism is a fundamentally unjust system because it allows a small group of capitalists to accumulate wealth and power by exploiting the labor of the working class.
Marx and Friedrich Engels, his collaborator, believed that capitalism would inevitably lead to the concentration of wealth in the hands of a small ruling class and the immiseration of the working class, who would become increasingly impoverished and alienated. They also believed that this process would lead to a revolution in which the working class would overthrow the capitalists and establish a socialist society in which the means of production would be owned collectively.
In a socialist society, the state would play a central role in planning and managing the economy, with the goal of meeting the basic needs of all citizens. In a communist society, the state would eventually "wither away" and there would be no need for it, as the class distinctions and conflicts that gave rise to it would have been eliminated.
Marxism has had a significant impact on political and economic thought and has been a major influence on the development of various socialist and communist movements throughout the world. However, it is also a controversial ideology, with many criticisms leveled against it, including the claim that it is unrealistic and that the societies it has led to have been oppressive and ineffective.

curtisjames · Answer

What is MarxismMarxism is a theoretical and political framework that was developed in the 19th century by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It is often referred to as a social, political, and economic philosophy that focuses on the struggles between capitalists and the working class, also known as the proletariat.
At its core, Marxism posits that history is driven by the struggle between different classes, specifically the ruling class (the capitalists) and the working class (the proletariat). According to Marx, the ruling class controls the means of production, and the working class is forced to sell their labour in order to survive. This leads to an inherent conflict between the two classes, as the capitalists seek to maximize profits while the workers seek to improve their wages and working conditions.
Marx believed that the capitalist system was inherently unjust and would eventually lead to its own demise. He believed that the working class would eventually rise up against the capitalists and overthrow them, leading to the establishment of a socialist society. In this society, the means of production would be controlled by the workers themselves, and the wealth and resources of society would be distributed more equitably.
Marx also believed that the state played an important role in maintaining the status quo and protecting the interests of the ruling class. He argued that the state was not a neutral institution, but rather an instrument of class rule. As such, he believed that the state would have to be abolished in order for a socialist society to be established.
Marxism has had a significant impact on the political and economic landscape of the world, particularly in the 20th century. Many countries, particularly in the Soviet Union and China, have implemented socialist policies and programs based on Marxist principles. While these attempts at implementing socialism have had mixed results, Marxism continues to be an important and influential framework for understanding and analysing class struggles and capitalist societies.

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