irections: Use this glossary to complete the final Lesson Review located after the glossary.

A Abridging - lessening or reducing certain rights Accusation - charge of wrongdoing made against someone. Affidavit - a written statement that the person making it swears to be true Affirmation - a declaration made by a person that he or she is telling the truth. Amend - to change or add to

B Bail - money given to set free an arrested person from jail until a trial takes place Banned - not allowed Boycott - to avoid using, buying, or dealing with as a means of protest

C Cabinet - presidential advisory board Capital punishment - the death penalty Censure - to express disapproval Charters - legal documents issued by governments to define the purpose and privileges of corporations Citizenship - the status of a member of a country Civil - relating to ordinary community life as opposed to criminal proceedings (as in civil court) Civil rights - basic freedoms guaranteed to citizens by the constitution Commissions - independent government agencies given powers by the legislative branch. Common law - unwritten body of law based on past actions and decision Compelled - forced to made to do something Compensation - payment for services or for damages Compromise - a settlement of differences in which each side gives up something Compulsory - something that must be done Conciliator - one who settles disputes Continental Congress - elected representatives advising the colonists on policies regarding relations with Britain Concurrent - sharing by two different persons or groups acting in agreement Confronted - met face to face Construed - understood in a certain way Controversy - dispute Counsel - a lawyer who advises a client

D Defamation - harming the good name of another by false making statements Define - to state the precise meaning Delegate - one authorized to act as a representative for others Democracy - government by the people Direct democracy - a system of government in which people participate directly in decision making through voting on issues Discrimination - the act of judging people on the basis of prejudice Dissent - to disagree or withhold approval on an issue Disparage - to hold in low regard Domestic - actions within a home or within a country Due process - legal proceeding carried out according to rules and procedures

E Elastic clause - powers delegated to Congress giving the power to carry out its other responsibilities Eminent domain - the right of a government to take private property for public use because its power extends to all the nation's lands Establishment clause - part of the First Amendment to the constitution prohibiting the government from establishing a national religion Excessive - more than is needed Executive - the power to carry out laws

F Federalism - government in which the power is divided among national and state governments Fundamental rights - basic or essential freedoms

G Governor - person who carries out the laws of a state Grand jury - a group of people who decide if a person should be charged with a crime

I Immoral - not in keeping with accepted ideas and actions Impairing - reductions in usefulness Impartial - not taking sides in a dispute Impeach - to accuse a public official with wrong or illegal behavior before a special type of court Incrimination - to charge with or involve in a crime Indictment - written statement by a grand jury charging a person with possible wrongdoing Infamous - action or deed of the worst kind Infringed - acted in a way with intent to take over part of another's right Internment - confinement or imprisonment Interstate - between two or more states

J Jeopardy - danger Joint resolutions - acts proposed by both houses of Congress Judicial - having the power to interpret laws Jurisdiction - authority

L Legislative - having power to make laws Legislature - house of government responsible for making laws Libel - false statements tending to harm the reputation of another person

M Martial - dealing with the military or with war Militia - military forces that are on call for service in emergencies Misdemeanors - less serious crimes or wrongdoings Monarchy - rule by one person (king or queen)

N Nomination - the act or process of being named to run for an elected office Nullify - to take away the effect and value of something

O Obscenity - something or that violates the general sense of decency Oppressive - to keep down the spirits of others Ordain - to establish by law Override - to pass over an objection

P Parliament - the supreme legislative body in Great Britain (England) Petition - a formal written request signed by supporters of the request Plea bargain - the process when an accused person agrees to plead guilty to a lesser crime to avoid a trial Political party - an organized group that tries to control the government through elections Popular sovereignty - self-government based on the will of the people Pornography - words or pictures intended only to arouse sexual interest Posterity - all future generations Preamble - introduction to a statement Precedent - a legal decision that serves as an example in later court cases Presentment - offering or presenting evidence to a grand jury Preserved - kept or held Presumption of innocence - a person is assumed innocent until proven guilty Probable cause - valid reason for police to search or arrest a person Proportional representation - presentation based on differences in population size between areas Prosecutions - actions to bring an accused person to trial

R Radical - fundamental or extreme Ratified - accepted by a vote Redress - to remove the cause of Repeal - officially withdraw Republic - system of government where people elect officials to represent them Residual - remaining or residing with someone or something Revolutionary - favoring a great change in the status quo

S Salutary neglect - when a government allows people to rule themselves as long as it benefits the government Sedition - speaking or acting against lawful authority in a time of emergency Statutes - laws passed by a legislative body Sue - to seek justice through the legal process Supreme - greatest in rank, power, or authority

T Tariff - charges or taxes place by the government on imported goods Tranquility - peacefulness Treason - acting against one's own country in a time of war Treaties - written agreements between two or more states Tyranny - a government where a single ruler possesses all the power

U Unbiased - not favoring any side in a dispute

V Vested - authority given to a person or group Veto - to reject a law by refusing to approve it

W Writ of habeas corpus - a court order requiring the government to release a prisoner unless good cause can be shown Writ of mandamus - document that mandates, or requires, a public official to perform certain duties

Lesson 11 Review

Application Activity #1:

Directions: Define each of the following terms as it relates to American Government. Using your own words, provide an example that illustrates the meaning of the term.

supreme ordain tranquility posterity statutes monarchy treaties treason preamble interstate vested impeach domestic residual misdemeanors concurrent veto nullify override oppressive commissions parliament ratified counsel banned immoral impairing bail defamation abridging libel Eminent Domain obscenity sedition infringed affirmation indictment presentment martial unbiased Incrimination compelled nomination

Application Activity #2:

Choose any ten of the terms listed above. Conduct an internet search to identify an example of each term as it applies to current events. Write a summary of each event and how it illustrates the meaning or application of the term as it relates to American Government. Don't forget to cite your sources.