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QUESTION 1:</span></p> <p><span class="s1">Detail the components of state bureaucracy and the issues surrounding representativeness and responsiveness.</span></p> <p><span class="s1">Your response should be at least 200 words in length.</span></p> <p><span class="s1"></span> </p> <p><span class="s1">State bureaucracies are defined as a former hierarchy of government in the state comprising leaders, managers, executives and clerical staff. State bureaucracies typically come with a set hierarchy, policies and guidelines which members of the bureaucracy have to adhere to, as well as defined responsibilities for managing difference aspects of government, such as financing, education and regulation. Bureaucracies are also typically governed by formal rules and are comprised of multiple specialised departments, each of which takes charge of a specific domain of policy, such as the treasury, justice, agriculture, commerce, labor, energy, education, transportation, housing and urban development, and defence sectors. There are several issues linked to state bureaucracies, such as inefficiency, unrepresentativeness and poor responsiveness. Foremost, state bureaucracies are well known for being inefficient and poor in responding to the needs of their constituents. Frequently, state bureaucracies may be divorced from the needs and concerns of their constituents on the ground, and may not be able to accurately translate constituent concerns into practical policy actions. Secondly, state bureaucracies are often criticised for being poor in representation. State bureaucracies are frequently considered poor performers when it comes to diverse representation in terms of gender, ethnicity and sexual orientation. (Thielemann and Stewart, 1996) This is XXXXXXXXXXX, XXXXXXX the bureaucracy is XXXXXXXXX tasked with implementing policies that XXX XXXXX to XXXXXXXXX the XXXXXXXXX XX a broad XXXXX XX social XXXXXXXX. XXXXXXX, a non-XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXX to XX so. XX addition, XXX state XXXXXXXXXXX is XXXXX XXXX as a functional organ XXXXX does XXX adequately represent or serve constituent needs. XXX example, several XXXXXXXX have XXXX accused of being inefficient in order to XXXXXXXX justifying XXXXX own XXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXX XXX funding. (Selden, XXXX) XXXXXXX, state XXXXXXXXXXXXX continue XX XX problematic, XXX more needs to be done XX XXXXXX XXXXX bureaucracies XX be more representative XXX XXXXXXXXX.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="s1">XXXXXXXXXX</span></p> <p><span XXXXX="s1"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="XX">Park, S. (2013). Does XXXXXX matter? The effect of XXXXXX representation of public bureaucracy on governmental XXXXXXXXXXX.<em>XXX American Review of Public XXXXXXXXXXXXXX</em>,<em>43</em>(2), XXX-242.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="XX">Selden, S. X. (2015).<em>The promise XX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX bureaucracy: Diversity XXX responsiveness in a XXXXXXXXXX agency</em>. XXXXXXXXX.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="s1">XXXXXXXXXX, G. S., & XXXXXXX Jr, X. (XXXX). A demand-XXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XX the importance XX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX: XXXX, XXXXXXXXX, XXXXXX, XXX sexual XXXXXXXXXXX.<em>Public Administration Review</em>, XXX-173.</span></p> <p><span XXXXX="XX"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="s1"></span> </p> <p><span class="s1">XXXXXXXX 2:</span></p> <p><span XXXXX="XX">XXXXXXX in XXXX ways XXXXXX reform, privatize, and reinvent government, XXX XXXXXXXX the XXXXXXXXXX problems XXXX XXX occur XX a result of these XXXXXXX in metropolitan areas.</span></p> <p><span XXXXX="s1">Your response should be XX least 200 words in length.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="s1"></span> </p> <p><span class="s1"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="XX">XXXXXX reform, XXXXXXXXX and reinvent XXXXXXXXXX in a XXXXXX of ways, and this may XXXXXX a XXXX XX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XX a XXXXXX XX these XXXXXXX in XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX. </span><span XXXXX="s1">Foremost, XXXXXXXXXXXX such XX artificial intelligence, surveillance cameras XXX chatbots XXXX allowed XXXXXX to XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XX collecting XXXX XX their constituents and using XXXX data to XXXXXXX more XXXXXXXXXX XXX XX-demand forms XX government services to XXXXX constituents.<span class="Apple-XXXXXXXXX-space"> </span>(XXXXXX et al, XXXX) XXXXX technologies have XXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXX tools to XXXXX public XXXXXXXXXX labs in order XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXX ways XX XXXXXX the general public. Secondly, governments XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX privatised public XXXXXXXX such as XXXXXXX, healthcare XXX XXXXXXXXX to XXXXXXX stakeholders XXXX XX companies. For XXXXXXX, charter schools have XXXX a XXX XXXX XX XXXXXXXXXX state XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX, XXXXX the outsourcing of prison services and security to XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX has XXX XX XXX XXXX XX the so-XXXXXX 'XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX', with XXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX for an expansion XX XXX federal XXXXXX system to maintain XXXXX XXXXXXXXX budgets. XXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXX have sought to XXXXXX XXX XXXXXX by XXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXX, XXXXXXXXX diversity in XXXXXXXXXXXXXX, XXX ensuring XXXX representatives stay accountable XX their XXXXXXXXXXXX.</span></p> <p><span class="s1"></span> </p> <p><span class="XX">XXXXX developments XXXX XXX a XXXXXX XX negative XXXXXXX XX municipalities. XXXXXXXX, the implementation of XXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXX as surveillance XXX led to a XXXX of XXXXXXX for XXXXXXXXXXXX. (XXXXXXXX, XXXX) XXXXXXXX, the privatisation XX XXXXXXX public XXXXXXXX such XX XXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXX has XXX to XXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XX the XXXXXXXXXX being priced out of affording XXXX essential services. (Madumo XXX XXXX, 2019) XXX XXXXXXX, XXXXXXX XX XX (XXXX) XXXXX how rising income XXXXXXXXXX XXX observed in school districts XXXX charter schools. (XXXXXXX et al, XXXX) Finally, XXXXXXXXXXXXX of XXX prisons XXXXXX may lead to XXX XXXXX of XXXXXXXXX XXX XXXX XXXXXX conditions XXX prisons. XXXXXXX, privatisation of XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXX the XXXXXXXXXX rights of XXXXXXXX, XX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXX in charge of XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX XXX be held accountable. (Verkuil, 2007)</span></p> <p><span XXXXX="s1"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="XX">Boustan, X., XXXXXXXX, X., XXXXXXX, H., & XXXX, X. M. (2013). XXX XXXXXX of rising XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX on taxation XXX public expenditures: XXXXXXXX XXXX US XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXX school districts, XXXX–XXXX.<em>XXXXXX of Economics and Statistics</em>,<em>95</em>(4), XXXX-1302.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="XX">XXXXX, N., XXXXXX, X. X., & XXXXXXX, J. B. (XXXX). Smart XXXXXX, transparency, XXXXX technology XXX reinventing XXXXXXXXXX. In<em>XXXXX Technologies XXX XXXXX Governments</em>(XX. 19-XX). XXXXXXXX, XXXX.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="XX">Madumo, O. S., & XXXX, S. B. (XXXX). XXXXX Government XXXXXX in South XXXXXX: The Quest XXX XXXXXX and XXXXXXXXXXXXX of Municipal Administration.<em>Journal of Reviews on Global XXXXXXXXX</em>,<em>X</em>, 581-XXX.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="s1">XXXXXXXX, C. (2002). XXXXXX XXXXXXX: camera surveillance of public places XXX XXX right to XXXXXXXXX.<em>XXXX. XX</em>,<em>72</em>, XXX.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="s1">XXXXX, J. H. (XXXX). XXXXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXXXX local XXXXXXXXXX. In<em>Leadership XXX XXXXXX in XXXXXX XXXXXX Organizations</em>(pp. XX-39). XXXXXXXXX.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="s1">Verkuil, X. X. (2007).<em>XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX: Why XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX government functions XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX and XXXX XX can XX about it</em>. XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXX.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="XX">QUESTION 3:</span></p> <p><span XXXXX="XX">XXXXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXX of governors and how their power XXXXXXXXXX their XXXXXXXXXX XXXX and legislative relationship.</span></p> <p><span XXXXX="s1">XXXX XXXXXXXX should XX at least 300 words in XXXXXX.</span></p> <p><span XXXXX="s1"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="XX">XXXXXXXXX, XXX XXX XXXXXXXXX public leaders in XXXXXX of XXXXX, regions XXX XXXXXX, XXXXXXXXX play a major XXX pivotal role in XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXX guiding the legislature to implement XXXXX laws XXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX.<span XXXXX="XXXXX-XXXXXXXXX-XXXXX"></span></span></p> <p><span XXXXX="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="s1">XXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXX are XXXXXXXXX involved in XXXXXXX or XXXXXXX XXXXX passed XX the legislature, and XXXX take up the XXXX XX the XXXXXXXXX-in-XXXXX XX XXXXX state’s XXXXXXXX. (Ferguson, 2003) XXXXX XXX constitutional XXXXXX XXXX most XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX to XXXXXXX.</span></p> <p><span class="s1"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="XX" <the="" <="" span="">>span XXXXX="XX"&XX;XXXXXXXX often XXXXX a pivotal XXXX in XXXXXXX the XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX for XXX XXXXX XXXXXX and House XX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX in areas such as XXXXXX care, education, and XXX XXXXXXXXXXX. (XXXXXXXX XXX XXXX, 2002) Furthermore , XXX XXXXXXXX has a veto XXXX XXXXX XXX XX XXXX to XXXXXXX or XXXX the XXXXX XX XXXXXXX legislative XXXXXXXXXXX if XXX XXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXX they are XXX in the XXXXXXXX XX the state. XXXX allows the governor to play a potential XXXXX XX roles in the XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX.<span class="Apple-XXXXXXXXX-space"></span></span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="XX">XXXX governors XXXX served to XXXXX several stakeholders such XX XXXXX XXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXX leaders and XXXXX representatives XX push XXXXXXX significant XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX, while XXXXX governors were XXXXX for XXXXXXX specific XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX privileging their XXXXX XXXXX others. XXXXXXXXXXX, charismatic governors XXXX as XXXXXX Schwarzenegger XXXXX also be XXXX XXXXXXXXX in galvanising XXXXXX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX, XX XXXX were XXXX as XXXXXX leaders XXX XXXX able XX XXX widespread support in order XX XXXX through XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXX their XXXXX.<span class="Apple-converted-XXXXX">(XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXX, XXXX)</span></span></p> <p><span class="s1"></span> </p> <p><span class="s3">XXXXXXXXX may also be required XX set XXX broad XXXXXXXXXXX agenda, XXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXX different XXXXXXXXX to XXXX XX a XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX. Finally, governors XXXX the XXXXX to build coalitions XXX persuade lawmakers XXX constituents of XXX XXXXXXXXX of a certain legislative initiative, XXXXX XXXX XXX governor is charged with a high XXXXXX XXXXXX XXXX can be used to great XXXXXX in XXXXXX.<span XXXXX="Apple-converted-space"></span></span></p> <p><span XXXXX="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="XX">In conclusion, governors XXXX a decisive XXXX in leading the legislative XXXXXXX, and XXXXX personalities XXX be a XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX of the XXXXXXX of a legislative XXXXXXXXXX.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="s1">XXXXXXXXXX</span></p> <p><span XXXXX="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="XX">Ferguson, X. X., & Barth, X. (XXXX). Governors in XXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX: The XXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXXXXXX in XXXXXXX success.<em>XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX</em>,<em>XX</em>(X), XXX-XXX.</span></p> <p><span class="s1"></span> </p> <p><span class="XX">XXXXXXXX, X. X. (2003). XXXXX executive XXXXXXX in the legislative XXXXX.<em>XXXXX Politics & XXXXXX Quarterly</em>,<em>X</em>(X), XXX-182.</span></p> <p><span class="s1"></span> </p> <p><span XXXXX="XX">XXXX, X., XXXXXXX, X. L., & XXX der Velden, X. X. (XXXX). Leadership XX mayors and XXXXXXXXX during crises: a systematic review XX tasks and XXXXXXXXXXXXX.<em>Journal of Contingencies and XXXXXX Management</em>,<em>24</em>(1), XX-58.</span></p> <p><span class="XX"></span> </p> <p><span class="s1">Rogers, X. R. (XXXX). XXX impact XX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX on legislative production.<em>XXXXXX Choice</em>,<em>XXX</em>(X-2), XXX-XXX.</span></p>">
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