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This essay will argue that the descendants of American slaves should not receive reparations, because of the insincerity, absolution and divisiveness of such a policy. This essay fully acknowledges that African-Americans, the descendants of American slaves, are owed a tremendous debt that cannot be paid back by American society, for centuries of abuse, systemic discrimination and trauma suffered at the hands of white Americans and the American state. However, this essay continues to hold that descendants of American slaves should not receive reparations for the above mentioned reasons.
Foremost, reparations would be an insincere way to deal with the legacy of the trans-atlantic slave trade and its continued impacts XX African XXXXXXXXX. Reparations, no matter the magnitude or type, XXXXX be insufficient to pay XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX back XXX the XXXX XXXXXXX XX abuse, trauma XXX mistreatment received XX XXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXX. [X] XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXX fall short of XXX restorative justice XXXX to XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX, as XXX assignment of a monetary XXXXX to XXX XXXXX inflicted XXXX them would, by definition, limit the scope XX their suffering. XXXXXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXX, XX a XXXXXX, XX insufficient to XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX in XXXXXXXXXX, education and opportunity XXXXXXX African Americans and Americans of XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX, XX it is only a XXX-time XXXXXX.[2]
XXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXX would absolve XXXXXXXXX XXX descended XXXX XXXXXXXXXXX and other oppressive classes from XXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXX they bear. Reparations would XXXXXXXXXXXX close XXX chapter of XXXXXXX XXX XXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX, and give ammunition to critics who XXXXX XXXXXXX XXXX XXXXX reparations, the XXXXXXXXX disadvantages faced XX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX are XX XXXXXX XXX fault of systemic XXXXXXXXXX, XXX XXXXXX XX be XXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXX.[X] XXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXX not be helpful in XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXX by XXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX of XXXXXXX in XXXXXXX. XX XXXX, it XX also XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX that XXXX XXXXX XXX abolition XX slavery, XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX to XXXXX, which had XX be eviscerated XXXX society XXXXXXX XXXXXXX and drawn-out civil rights XXXXXXXXX. XXX example, the XXX Crow XXXX continued to institutionalize de XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX in XXX South, XXXXXX’s XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXX XXXX criminalized drug possession XXXXX was XXXXXX XX minorities, XXX de XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX continues to exist in much XX XXXXXXX XXXXX against XXX descendants XX XXXXXXXX XXXXXX. It XXX XXXX through comprehensive civil rights movements such XX the 1960s XXXXX XXXXXX marches and XXXXXXXX that change was achieved. Reparations XXXXX XXXXX XXX door on XXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXX issues through large-scale XXXXXXXXX XXXX XX civil rights XXXXXXXXX.
Finally, XXXXXXXXXXX would be divisive. XX an American XXXXXXX XXXXX XX fraught with political XXXXXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXXXX divisiveness, pushing such a XXXXXX (XXX XXXXXXX, through the Democrat-led House at present) XXXXX only XXXXX XX XXXXXXX XXXXXX the American XXXXXXXXXX, electorate and people. XXXX if XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX successfully XXXXXX, this XXXXX only close the door on XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX on issues such as healthcare inequality and educational inequality XXXX XXX the direct XXXXXX of slavery.[X]
XX conclusion, while XXXXXXXXXXX are an attractive XXXXXX XXXXXX, they represent an overly simplistic and ineffective XXX XX solve the problems faced by XXXXXXXXXXX XX American slaves. As XXXX XXX XXXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXX and XXXXX XXXXX absolution as a policy, this essay contends XXXX the XXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXXX slaves should XXX receive XXXXXXXXXXX XX a form of ‘casual XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX’. [X] XXXXXX, XXX American XXXXXX should strive for a more comprehensive and deep XXXXXXXX to the continuing XXXXXX XX slavery.
Endnotes
[X] XXXXXX, Howard. "Reconciliation XXX XXXXXXXXXXX."Metaphilosophy41, no. 4 (2010): 546-XXX.
[2] XXXXX, XXX B. "XXXXXXXXX interest XXXXXXXXXXX: XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX reparations and XXX image of American democracy."U. XXX. X. Rev.25 (XXXX): XXX.
[3] Walker, XXXXXXXX XXXXX. "XXXXXXXXXXX justice XXX XXXXXXXXXXX."Journal XX social XXXXXXXXXX(2006).
[4] XXXX.
[5] Swarns, XXXXXX L. "XXX slaves were XXXX XX save XXXXXXXXXX. XXXX does it owe XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX?."XXX XXXX XXXXX16 (XXXX).
XXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXX, X. X. "Georgetown University, XXXXXXXX XXXX its sins."XXX York TimesXX (2016).
Luong, XXX X. "Political XXXXXXXX convergence: African XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX and the XXXXX of XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX."X. XXX. X. Rev.25 (XXXX): XXX.
McGary, Howard. "Reconciliation and XXXXXXXXXXX."XXXXXXXXXXXXXX41, XX. X (XXXX): 546-562.
Swarns, XXXXXX X. "272 XXXXXX XXXX sold to save XXXXXXXXXX. XXXX does it XXX XXXXX descendants?."New XXXX TimesXX (2016).
Walker, XXXXXXXX Urban. "XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXXXX."XXXXXXX XX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX(2006).
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