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<p>XXXXXX's XXXXXXXXX Triad envisions a XXXXXXXXXXXXX alliance between the three key stakeholders of X.S. XXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX, XXXXX grid XXXXXXXXX and XXX XXXXXXXX. XXX XXXXX XXX of XXX XXXXXXXXX Triad XXXXXXXX the XXX XX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX backed by XXX Pentagon to XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX infrastructure, XXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX standards XXX public and private XXXXXX entities, secure the power grid, XXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX infrastructure XX eliminate vulnerabilities.</p> <p>The XXXXXX leg of XXX Defensive Triad XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXX XXXXXXX XX the XXXXXXXXXXX United States for XXX XXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXX as malware, XXXXXX horses, logic XXXXX XXX other XXXX threats. ISPs should XXXX implement deep packet inspection XXX XXXXXXXXXX systems, a XX network XXXXXXXXX infrastructure to inspect data XXXXXX it enters the network, a requirement XX inform XXXXXXXXX when XXXX have been compromised XXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXX XX a malicious botnet networking, XXX XXX XXXXX XX deny XXXXXX to XXXXXXXXX who XX XXX comply with appropriate security XXXXXXXX, XXXX as XXXXXXXX and cybersecurity software updates, XXXX XXXXX being XXXXXXXX of a cybersecurity breach.</p> <p>The XXXXX leg of XXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXX and power XXXX companies XXXXXXXXX XXX power XXXX XX a network isolated XXXX XXX XXXXXXXX. XXXXXXXXX such XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX basic XXXXXXX XXXX leaping XXXX Internet XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XX the XXXXX XXXX network, XXX XXXXXXX XXXX the XXXXX XXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXX presence of hostile XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXX XXXXXXXX.</p> <p>effectiveness, flaws, XXXXXXXXXX, XXX potential XXXXXXX of implementing a cybersecurity XXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXX to his Defensive Triad XXXXXXX.</p> <p>The XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXX XX XXXXXX effective XX XXXXXXXXXXX comprehensively, and countries XXXX as Israel, Russia XXX XXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX created robust cybersecurity XXXXXXX XX adopting some or XXX XX the Defensive Triad's XXXXXXXXXX. However, XXX XXX challenges and flaws of the XXXXXXX XX such a XXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXX XXX coverage and XXXXXXX concerns XXXXXXX by XXX implementation of XXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX. Foremost, XXX XXXXXXXXX Triad does not cover other actors, such as consumers with XXXXX XXXXX ISP access, XXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXX governmental organizations who may XXXXXX critical security vulnerabilities that XXXXXX XX XXXXXXX under the umbrella of XXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX's XXXXXXXXX. XXXXXXXX, the XXXXXXXXX Triad approach is inherently XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXX many XXXXXXX democracies XXXX as XXX United States, XXX subscribe XX principles XXXX XX XXX XXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXX privacy XXX net neutrality. XXX Defensive Triad involves stakeholders XXXXXXXX in invasive actions such XX the XXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX and XXXX, which XXX XXXXXX in XXXXXXX and democratic human right violations that would XXX be XXXXXXXX by XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XX consumer rights organizations and human rights watchdogs.</p> <p>X. XXXXXXX the “XXXXXXXX” XXXXXXXXX Cybersecurity infrastructure, XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX the three XXXXXXXX you believe XXXX XXXXXX XX in XXX top-XXXX from a priority perspective (impact XX XXX nation, cost, etc.), and outline how (use specific real XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX) those factors could impact XXX American XXXXXX (government, individuals, XXXXXXXXX, organizations).</p> <p>The elements XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX can XX categorized XXXX internal and XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX XXX XX follows.</p> <p>Internal elements include infrastructure vulnerabilities, XXXXXX control, XXXXXX shortages in XXXXXXX XXX career opportunities XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX, the lack of XXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXX XXXXX among federal XXXXXXXX charged with protecting cybersecurity, and XXX inability to accurately update networks in accordance XXXX industry XXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX security protocols. X classic XXXX XX such an XXXXXXXXXXXXXX of vulnerability XXX the Dragonfly Group which was Russian XXXXXX and XXXXXX XXX XX government energy water XXX aviation XXXXXXX, accessing XXXXXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXX XXXXXX XX a corporate XXXXXXX that restricted XXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXX systems.</p> <p>External elements include factors XXXX as an increased risk from attacks XXXX XXX-XXXXX actors, climate change, XXX XXX increasing anonymity of XXXXXXXXXXXXX attackers.</p> <p>XXX XXX three XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX, access XXXXXXX XXX increasing XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX. Examples XX how XXXX can XXXX to XXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXX breaches are as XXXXXXX. XXX XXXXXXX, XXX recent XXXXXX XXXXXX government shutdown XXX to the XXXXXXXXXXX and unemployment of a XXXXXXX thousand XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXX United States government including XXXXXXXX XXXXX-XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX. Attackers XXXXX XXXX XXXXXXX vulnerabilities left XXXXXX by XXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXX systems which XXXX XXX funded by XXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX. XXXXXXXXXXX, the dysfunction XX XXX United States government has XXXX XXXXXXXX researchers and XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XX XXXX away from careers in XXX XXXXXX sector in favor of XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX productive careers in XXX XXXXXXX XXXXXX. This would result in systemic cyber security vulnerabilities XXXX will XXX be fixed XXXX time.</p> <p>XXXXXXX XXXXXXX XX XXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX breaches XXX XX XXXXX in the XXXXXXX of Hillary Clinton's XXXXXX as XXXXXXXXX of XXXXX, XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX a XXXXXXXXXX political XXXXXX scandal XXXX XXXXXXXX in XXX failure of her presidential XXXXXXXX later in 2016. This was a XXXXXXX example XX access XXXXXXX XXXXXXX, when Hillary Clinton allowed her emails to XX accessed via a XXXXX-party and leaked on the XXXXXXXX.</p> <p>XXXXXXX, XXX anonymity XX XXXXXXXXX is a XXX element in XXXXX XXXXXXXX infrastructure vulnerabilities XX it XXXXXXXX the XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XX cyber-XXXXXXXX attackers. XXXXXX back by XXXXXXX such as XXXXXX, China, XXXXXX, XXX XXXX are able to XXX with impunity and XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXX relative XXXXXXXXX XX their XXXXXXX, and XXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXX government XXXX as the United States are able to XXXXX XXXX. XXX XXXXXXXX anonymity of attack has XXXX renders XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX such XX XXXX Packet XXXXXXXXXX, XXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX, Virtual XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXX and XXXXXX Management Technologies, XXXXX XXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX Networks, XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXX XXXXXX Controls XXXXXXXXXXXX for XXX prevention of future XXXXXXXXXXXXX attacks, XXXXX XXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXX not able to XXXXXXX XXXXX the next XXXXXX is XXXXXX from, or who XXX most suspected perpetrators XXXXX XX.</p> <p>4. XXXXXXX the Department XX XXXXXXX’s (XXX) XXX the Department XX Homeland Security (DHS) responsibilities for XXXXXXXXXXXXX, their respective roles and XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXX (XXXXXXX and XXXXXXX) in XXX Cyber XXXXX, XXX challenges each faces in XXXXXXXXXXXX achieving their responsibilities; XXX, XXXXXXX XXXX perspective of what XXXXXXX you XXXXXXX XXXXXX XX taken to XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXX XXX departments to enable them XX meet XXXXX XXXXXXX objectives.</p> <p>The XXXXXXXXXX XX Homeland Security and XXX Department of XXXXXXX are two critical United XXXXXX government XXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXX XXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXX protection of XXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXX security infrastructure. XXX XXXXXXXXXX XX Defense is responsible XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX on XXX military front, such as a XXXXX XXXXXX on military XXXXXXXXXXXXXX. The XXXXXXXXXX of XXXXXXX XXXXXXX subordinate to the XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX cyber security strategy. On the other hand, the Department XX XXXXXXXX Security XX responsible for XXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXXX cyber security XXXXXXXXXX, XXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX of corporate XXXXXXXX breaches and XXXXXX XXXXX feeds, cybercrime, XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXX networks, cyber XXXXXXXX response and XXXXXXXXXXXX, XXX XXXXXXXXXX XX critical cyber security infrastructure, the coordination of XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX information, seven security XXXXXXXXX, public XXXXXXXXX, and XXXXXXXX education XXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX. The much XXXXXXX XXXXXXX XX XXX XXXXXXXXXX of XXXXXXXX Security's XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX on cyber XXXXXXXX ensure that XXX XXXXXXXXXX XX Homeland Security should take the lead in the coordination of XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXX XXX XXXXXX States.</p> <p>XX evaluating the performance of XXXX organizations XX XXX cyber security coordination XXX protection XXXXX, it is worth XXXXXX that XXXXX is frequent XXXXXXXXX of both organizations, given XXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXX human rights and privacy concerns in their attempts to XXXXXX United States XXXXX XXXXXXXX infrastructure. XXXXXXXXXXX, interagency politics have XXXXXXXX in XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXX Department XX XXXXXXXX Security and XXX XXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXXXX, and a XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XX required to XXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX protection XX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX in XXX United XXXXXX XXX a resilient XXXXXX against XXXXX XXXXXXXX attacks. The collaborative memorandum XXXXXX XXXXXXX both XXXXXXXXXXX is XXX XXXXXXX of such an attempt. XXXX XXXXX XXXXXXX greater intelligence-sharing, XXXXX XXXXXXXX, and personnel XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX both XXXXXXXX in order to XXXXXX a more synergistic approach XX XXX addressing XX security XXXXXXX XXXXXX multiple dimensions.</p> <p>X. Provide a XXXXXXXXXXX of what XXXXX XXXXXXX are, how they XXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XX systems, the importance of XXXXX XX cybersecurity, the XXXXX XXXX generations of XXXXX, and XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX CI sectors; XXXXXX with your XXXXXXXXXXX of actions and recommendations XX be taken XX ensure this aspect XX XXX XXX is secure.</p> <p>XXXXX (XXXXXXXXXXX Control and Data XXXXXXXXXXX) systems XXX a XXXXXXX system XXXXXXXXX comprising XX XXXXXXXXXXX computers, remote terminal units, programmable XXXXX controllers, communications infrastructure and XXXXXXXXX human machine XXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XX a XXXXXXXX network. SCADA XXX XXXXXXX to allow XXXXXXXXX remote access XX XXXXX local XXXXXXX XXXXXXX, XXX allows users to perform XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX devices, such as XXXXX XXXXXXX and XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX.</p> <p>XXX XXXXXXX XX XXXXX XX closely linked XXXX its XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXX. SCADA systems XXX be XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XX XXXXXXX found in XXXXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXXXXX, and facility XXXXXXXXX. These include information XXXXXXXXXX systems found in XXXXXXXXXXXXX, fabrication, wastewater collection, oil and gas pipelines, XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX and HVAC air XXXXXXXXX systems. However, SCADA XXXXXXX were previously seen as competitors to XX systems, and it XXX XXXX in the XXXXX 2000s XXXX XX XXXXX XXXX as XXX were XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XX SCADA system XXXXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXX XXXXX systems XX XX XXXX efficient and XXXXXXXXXX.</p> <p>XXXXX XXXXXXX are XXXXXXXXXXXX important to cybersecurity as the cybersecurity vulnerabilities within this type of XXXXXXXXXXXXXX are numerous. XXXX include XXX XXXX, XXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXX nature XX XXXXX XXXXXXX that XXXXXX XXX XXXXX system security, XXX XXXXX XXXX proprietary XX XXXXXXXXXXXX solutions XXXX XXXXXXXXX nodal connections XXXXXX SCADA systems XX give more XXXXXXX for attackers to gain entry, the XXXX of an unauthenticated XXXX XX access XXXXXXXXX login information XXXXX XXXXXXXX attack types, XXX lack of XXXXXXXX XXX authentication XXXXXXXXX, overreliance XX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXX that XXX XXXXXX XX disconnected XXXX XXX XXXXXXXX, XXX the lack of cryptographic security XXX XXXXXXX protocols. XXXXXXXXXXX, recent XXXXXXXX has XXXXX that SCADA XX vulnerable XX an Electromagnetic Pulse (XXX) XXXXXX, XX such an attack would destroy numerous SCADA systems simultaneously, thus XXXXXXXXX them costly to reboot and XXXXXX.</p> <p>The three XXXX generations XX XXXXX XXXXXXX are as follows. The XXXXX XXXXXXXXXX of SCADA XXXXXXX were XXXXXXXXXX, comprising XXXXX microcomputers in an XXXXXXXXXXX system XXXX XXX XXXXXXXX XXXX all XXXXX XXXXXXX. Communications XXXX XXXXXXXX as XXXX, and XXX redundancy XXX the system came in XXX form XX a separate mainframe XXXXXX. XXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX of SCADA systems XXXX XXXXXXXXXXX, and XXXXXXXX by XXXXXXXXXXXX commands and XXXXXXXXXXX across numerous XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXX a XXXXX Area XXXXXXX. The second XXXXXXXXXX of SCADA systems XXXX characterized by XXXXX XXXXXXXXX costs, XXXXXXXXXXX protocols and poor XXXXXXXX. These XXXXXXX also XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX of communicating XXXX systems XXXX different vendors. Finally, XXX third generation XX SCADA systems XXXX XXXXX XX networked XXXXXXX, XX they were spread XXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXX known XX PCNs. XXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXX XXX XXXX effective than previous generations XX SCADA systems, XXXX XXX added XXXXXXX XX each XXXXX system being able to communicate XXXX XXXXXXX XXXX different XXXXXXX.</p> <p>To build XXXX secure XXXXX systems, it XX necessary for XXXXXXXXXXXXX engineers to invest in 'XXXXXXX in XXXXX' XXXXXXXXXX XXX more XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX protocols. XXX integration XX XXX based XXX real time XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX is also crucial XX XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX systems XXXXXXX over XXXX.</p> <p>References</p> <p>Berry, J.X., XXXXXXXXX, X., Hart, X.E., XXXXXXXX, X.A., XXXXXX, J.P.: XXXXXX placement in XXXXXXXXX water XXXXXXXX. XXXXXXX of Water Resources Planning and XXXXXXXXXX 131(3), XXX–XXX (2005)</p> <p>XXXXXXX, X., XXXXX-Tehrani, S.: ADWICE – XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX with Real-Time Incremental XXXXXXXXXX. In: XXXX, C., XXXX, S. (eds.) XXXXX XXXX. LNCS, vol. XXXX, pp. 407–424. Springer, Heidelberg (XXXX)</p> <p>Coldebella, Gus X., XXX Brian X. White. "Foundational XXXXXXXXX regarding the XXXXXXX role in XXXXXXXXXXXXX." J. XXX'l XXX. L. & Pol'y 4 (XXXX): XXX.</p> <p>XXXXXXX, D., Polycarpou, X.: XXXXXXXX XX Water XXXXXXXXXXXXXX Systems. XX: Setola, X., XXXXXXXXXXX, S. (XXX.) CRITIS 2008. XXXX, vol. 5508, pp. 360–367. Springer, Heidelberg (XXXX)</p> <p>Fischer, XXXX A. "XXXXXXXXXXXXX issues XXX XXXXXXXXXX: in XXXXX." (2014).</p> <p>XXXX, X., XXXX, X.X., Maslia, M.L., Grayman, X.X.: XXXXXXXXXXXXXX of contaminant XXXXXXX in water XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXX simulation–optimization method: Case XXXXX. Journal of Water Resources XXXXXXXX XXX Management 132(4), XXX–262 (XXXX)</p> <p>XXXXXXXX, Richard X., and James A. Stever. "The cybersecurity triad: Government, XXXXXXX XXXXXX partners, and the XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX citizen." Journal XX Homeland XXXXXXXX and Emergency Management 6, no. X (XXXX).</p> <p>Richard X. Clarke and XXXXXX K. Knake’s “XXXXX XXX: The Next Threat to XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX and What XX XX About XX” (XXXXXX XXXXXXX, XXXX)</p> <p>XXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXXX, XXXXX Cucurull, XXX XXXXX Nadjm-XXXXXXX. "XXXXXXX detection in XXXXX XXXXXXXXXX systems." XX Critical XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX, pp. XX-XXX. XXXXXXXX, Berlin, XXXXXXXXXX, 2012.</p> <p>Luiijf, E., XXX, X., XXXXXXXX, X.: Assessing and XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXX in XXX Dutch XXXXXXXX Water XXXXXX. XX: XXXXXX, R., Geretshuber, S. (eds.) CRITIS 2008. XXXX, vol. XXXX, XX. 190–199. Springer, Heidelberg (XXXX)</p> <p>Ostfeld, X., Salomons, E.: XXXXXXX layout XX early warning detection XXXXXXXX for XXXXX distribution XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX. XXXXXXX of Water XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX and Management 130(X), 377–385 (XXXX)</p> <p>XXXXXX, X., Paxson, X.: XXXXXXX XXX XXXXXX XXXXX: XX using XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXX network XXXXXXXXX detection. XX: XXXX IEEE XXXXXXXXX on XXXXXXXX XXX Privacy (SP), XX. XXX–316 (XXXX)</p> <p>Zechman, E.X., XXXXXXXXX, S.X.: Evolutionary computation-XXXXX methods for characterizing contaminant XXXXXXX in a water XXXXXXXXXXXX system. Journal of Water Resources XXXXXXXX XXX Management XXX(X), 334–XXX (2009)</p> <p>Kurotani, X., XXXXXX, M., XXXXXXX, X., XXXXXXXX, M.: Simulator for XXXXXXXXXXXXX diffusion in a water XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX. XX: XXXXXXXXXXX XX XXX 1995 IEEE XXXXX 21st International XXXXXXXXXX on XXXXXXXXXX Electronics, XXXXXXX, and XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX, XXX. 2, pp. XXX–XXX (XXXX)</p>">
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