There XXX been a decline in XXX XXXXX XXXX XXXX the decades as indicated by XXXX XXXX the XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX and police reports(XXXXXX & Sykes, 2017). XXXXXXX, XXXXX has been a XXXXXXX XXXXXXX on XXX XXXXXX level of XXXXXXXXX in XXX XXXXXX representation in XXXXXXX. XX defiance of XXX XXXXXXXXXX policy attention XX XXXXXXXX justice reform, incarceration XX stuck at being disproportionately XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX the XXXXXXX American and XXXXXXXX males(XXXXXXX & Pettit, XXXX).
The XXXXXXXX XXXXX that could XXX X in 3 young XXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XX as a result of XXX XXXXX in XXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXX, and XXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXX groups that XXXX had a XXXXXX of XXXXX disadvantaged(Pettit & Sykes, XXXX). XXX low XXXXX XX formal XXXXXXXXX among black males has also XXXX thought XX be a factor that significantly XXXXXXXXXXX to the XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXX XXX XXXXXXX Americans.
In a 2010 XXXXXXXXXXX data, it was reported XXXX nearly a XXXXX XX high school dropouts that XXXX young African XXXXXXXX men XXXX incarcerated(Vogel & XXXXXX, 2015). This XXXXXXXXX that XXXXX males XXX more likely to XX involved in criminal XXXXXXXX when they XXX out of XXXXXX. XXX high XXXXXX XX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX black parents could XXXX be a XXXXXX XXX this XXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXXXX XXXXXX XX risk XX educational failure and XXXXXX XXXXXXXX justice contact(XXXXXX & Sykes, XXXX). XXXXX XXXXXXXXX are XXXXXXXX factors to the XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XX XXXXX black males.
XXX criminal justice system XXXXXXXXXX XXX the XXXXXXX to XXXXXX that XXX XXXXXXXXXX trend XXXXXXX. Reforms in XXX XXXXXX XXXXX be undertaken so as XX XXXXXXX focus on the correction XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XX suspects XXXXXX than XXXXXXX XXXX XXXX from XXX society. Court and community XXXXXXXXXXX and probation could be XXXX in place of XXXX XXXX as an XXXXXXXXXXX that has the XXXXXXX XX repair consequences suffered XX XXXXXXX(XXXX, 2011).
XXX elected XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XX XXXXXXXXX about the XXXXXXXXXXXXX situation and trend that XXXXXXXX minority groups. This is important since they XXX the XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XX individuals XX XXXX as XXX makers. Proper XXXXXXXX XXXXXX be XXX in place XX ensure that the XXXXXXX in the criminal XXXXXXX XXXXXX XXX undertaken XXX alternatives XX incarceration implemented so XX to XXX XXXXXX and more XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX to XXXXXX XXXX individuals XXX punished XXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX having to harm or XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX negatively.
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XXXX. (2011). Alternatives XX XXXXXXXXXXXXX in a XXXXXXXX. X-5.
XXXXXX, B., & Sykes, B. (XXXX). XXXXXXXXXXXXX . State of XXX Union XXXX , 24-26.
XXXXX, M., & XXXXXX, X. C. (2015). Toward a Demographic XXXXXXXXXXXXX of XXXXXXXXXXXXX Disparities: XXXX, Ethnicity, XXX XXX Structure. J XXXXX XXXXXXXX , XXX-XXX.
XXXXXXX, B., & XXXXXX, X. (XXXX). XXXXXXXXXXXXX & social inequality. XXXXXXXXX from American Academy of Arts & Sciences: XXXXX://XXX.amacad.org/XXXXXXX/publications/XXXXXXXXXX.XXXX?d=808